Johnson: Map of California Territories, 1862
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Description
One of the scarcest and most historically significant of A. J. Johnson's southwest series. Published at the height of the Civil War, the map shows the state of California and the territories of Nevada, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona. Representing the third state of the Johnson southwest map, this map varies most significantly from its 1861 predecessor in the addition of Arrizona with two “r’s.” In 1861 'Arrizona' was an alternate name for the lands added to the New Mexico territory by the 1854 Gadsden Purchase. With a small population and not much political clout this region was largely ignored by the New Mexico territorial government in Santa Fe. Arizona applied several times to be granted independent territorial status, but low population caused the request to be repeatedly denied. When civil war broke out, Arizonans saw an opportunity and threw in their lot with the secessionist southern states. At the same time the Union began to withdraw troops from the region in fear that Santa Fe would be attacked by Confederate soldiers operating out of Texas. Confederate Col. John Robert Baylor, seeing a strategic opportunity, led his troops into Southern Arizona. In a series of brilliant tactical maneuvers, Baylor defeated the much larger Union garrison and seized Fort Fillmore and Messilla. Shortly thereafter Baylor declared himself Territorial Governor of the Confederate Territory of Arizona including 'all that portion of New Mexico lying south of the thirty-fourth parallel of north latitude.' The Confederate Territory of Arizona lasted less than a year before it was seized by the Union Army and dismantled in favor of the current configuration with the Arizona – New Mexico border situated along a north-south axis. One of the few maps issued during this short and politically volatile period to show the Confederate Territory of Arizona. Varies from the previous state of the map in that the California – Nevada border has been corrected to a straight line between Pyramid Peak and Fort Moliare.
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Johnson: Map of California Territories, 1862
Estimate $350 - $400
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