National Christian Temperance Union Pledge Card, Copyright 1877, by Armor Feurhake & Co., Pittsburgh, signed Francis Murphy; framed. Francis Murphy was a reformed alcoholic and liquor dealer who started forming temperance reform clubs in New Hampshire in 1870. Called the "Murphy Movement," it spread across the country, and tens of thousands were encouraged to take the "Murphy Pledge." ("New York Times" Obituary, July 1, 1907). Certificate: 3.25 x 5.25 inches Frame: H: 6.75 in., W: 7.75 in., D: .5 in.

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6.75 x 7.75 x 0.5 in