Rome, Imperial Period, ca. 1st to 3rd century CE. A finely carved statue depicting a seated goddess, most likely Cybele the Mother Goddess (Magna Mater or Great Mother) of Rome, given that she sits between a pair of lions. Cybele is traditionally shown in the company of lions or transported on a lion-drawn chariot and is oftentimes associated with wild animals, particularly lions. The goddess' body is enveloped in a flowing chiton with billowing folds of drapery cascading over her figure. Each lion sits loyally by her side. Interestingly, the goddess is presented in a much larger scale than the wild felines - this scale differential perhaps symbolizes her deified status. Size: 8.375" W x 13.625" H (21.3 cm x 34.6 cm)

Lions were famously featured in many ancient myths, perhaps the most famous being that of Hercules (Herakles) slaying the Nemean lion for his first labor. In this example, they are accompanying Cybele, the Mother Goddess of Rome. Lions were also favorite iconography for buildings, coins, and statues. Examples include the Lion Gate to the Citadel of Mycenae, the Terrace of the Lions on the island of Delos, and the lion hunt mosaic from Pella featuring Alexander engaged in a lion hunt. Of course lions were also used in the Roman arenas where they would fight other animals, such as tigers and bears.

Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection

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#139448

Goddess is missing forearms and head. Losses to head of one lion, paw of that same lion, goddess' right foot, and peripheries of integral stand. Expected surface wear with abrasions to lion's visage and other high-pointed areas. Earthen deposits grace the surface as well.