Lot 0011

Mercator/Hondius: Composite West Indies Map

Similar Sale History

View More Items in Maps & Atlases

Sold

Mercator/Hondius: Composite West Indies Islands Map: Cartographer: Mercator / Hondius Place/Date: Amsterdam / 1628/1630 Size: 20" x 14 1/4" Condition: wash color; cleaned and stabilized; minor spotting and tiny repaired wormhole in the sea in the Puerto

2018Mercator/Hondius: Composite West Indies Islands MapSee Sold Price

Sold

Mercator / Hondius: Miniature Composite West Indies Map: Cuba Insul/Hispaniola. Mercator's famous composite map of five West Indian islands, first published in his Atlas in 1606, reappeared in a reduced version in the Mercator/Hondius Atlas Minor of 1607 an

2018Mercator / Hondius: Miniature Composite West Indies MapSee Sold Price

Sold

Homann Heirs: Antique Composite Map of West Indies 1740: Map: Mappa Geographicae, complectens Indiae Occidentalis/ Carte des Isles de l'Amerique Cartographer: Homann Heirs/J.B.B. d'Anville Place & Date: Nurnberg / 1740 Size: 19" x 22 5/8" Condition: Main We

2017Homann Heirs: Antique Composite Map of West Indies 1740See Sold Price

Sold

SDUK: Antique Map of British West Indies Islands, 1830: The British Islands in the West Indies The typically detailed SDUK composite map of British possessions in the Caribbean. The large central map of Jamaica is surrounded by fourteen inset maps of indiv

2018SDUK: Antique Map of British West Indies Islands, 1830See Sold Price

Sold

Cuba Insul/Hispaniola Map, Mercator, 1620: Cuba Insul/Hispaniola Map. Mercator's famous composite map of five West Indian islands, first published in his Atlas in 1606, reappeared in a reduced version in the Mercator/Hondius Atlas Minor of 160

2017Cuba Insul/Hispaniola Map, Mercator, 1620See Sold Price

Sold

EMANUAL BOWEN America & West Indies Map: EMANUAL BOWEN America & West Indies Map, inscriptions to upper portion read ‘Particular Draughts and Plans of some of the Principal Towns and Harbours belonging to the English, French, and Spaniards

2021EMANUAL BOWEN America & West Indies MapSee Sold Price

Sold

West Indies Map, John Thomson, 1817: Map: 'West Indies' The top image on the right hand side shows the entire map. To view a close up of the map showing the level of printed detail, please click on the bottom image on the right hand side

2017West Indies Map, John Thomson, 1817See Sold Price

Sold

Antique 1857 West Indies Map of French Colonies: Antique 1857 West Indies Map of French Colonies, original Victor Levasseur map of Colonies Francaises (En-Amerique), gorgeously illustrated map, verso reads MARINO RONCARI Frame Gallery Inc, professio

2022Antique 1857 West Indies Map of French ColoniesSee Sold Price

Sold

17th Cent. Hand Colored West Indies Map: DESCRIPTION: Antique hand colored map on lined paper, probably by Jocodus or Henricus Hondius, depicting several island in the West Indies, including Cuba, Hispaniola, and Jamaica. Explanatory text in

202417th Cent. Hand Colored West Indies MapSee Sold Price

Sold

1860 Mitchell Mexico, Central America & West Indies Map: 1860 Map of Mexico, Central America and the West Indies, S. Augustus Mitchell. 13.25 x 21.13 inches. Authentic hand-colored antique map from Mitchell’s 1862 New General Atlas depicts Mexico, Central

20171860 Mitchell Mexico, Central America & West Indies MapSee Sold Price

Sold

Mitchell: Mexico, Central America, & West Indies Map: Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies, 23.75 x 15.25 in, 1877, S. Augustus Mitchell Please note that this lot has a confidential reserve. When you leave a bid in advance of the auction, submit

2017Mitchell: Mexico, Central America, & West Indies MapSee Sold Price

Sold

Marzolla: Scarce Italian West Indies Map: Map Title: Arcipelago delle Antille ossia Indie Occidentali Cartographer: Marzolla Place & Date: Naples / 1850 Size: 23 3/4" x 17 1/8" Condition: outline color; minor, very light spotting A scarce, mi

2018Marzolla: Scarce Italian West Indies MapSee Sold Price

Sold

West Indies Map, 1857: West Indies Map, 17 x 14 in, 1857, J. H. Colton Please note that this lot has a confidential reserve. When you leave a bid in advance of the auction, submit your maximum. Jasper52 will bid on your beh

2017West Indies Map, 1857See Sold Price

Sold

1832 West Indies Map: Title: 1832 West Indies Map Author: Dower Medium: Ink on Paper Dimensions: 12"X9.5" Map of the West Indies dated 1832. Published by Orr & Co in London. Part of Dower's Atlas of Modern Geography. Key u

20211832 West Indies MapSee Sold Price

Sold

1821 Antigua West Indies Map / W. Phillips London: 1821 Island of Antigua West Indies Map / W. Phillips London. Map measures 8 inches H x 10.25 W within matting, framed, 12.5 x 15 inches.

20231821 Antigua West Indies Map / W. Phillips LondonSee Sold Price

Sold

West Indies Map Mirror: Overall with frame 29-1/2" high x 47-1/2" wide. LR IMPORTANT: Before bidding, please read the terms and conditions. When you registered for the auction you agreed to these terms and will be required t

2023West Indies Map MirrorSee Sold Price

Related Maps & Atlases

GRENADINES. Grenada & St Vincent. Also Tobago. West Indies vintage map 1910: CAPTION PRINTED BELOW PICTURE: 'Grenada; Inset maps of St. Vincent; Tobago' DATE PRINTED: 1910 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 16.0 x 15.5cm, 6.25 x 6 inches (Small); Please note that this is a folding map. TYPE:

3 days LeftGRENADINES. Grenada & St Vincent. Also Tobago. West Indies vintage map 1910

$45

ST VINCENT, GRENADA & THE GRENADINES. Lesser Antilles. West Indies 1923 map: CAPTION PRINTED BELOW PICTURE: 'The Grenadines; Inset maps of St. Vincent; Grenada' DATE PRINTED: 1923 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 14.0 x 16.5cm, 5.5 x 6.5 inches (Small); Please note that this is a folding ma

3 days LeftST VINCENT, GRENADA & THE GRENADINES. Lesser Antilles. West Indies 1923 map

$50

ST VINCENT, GRENADA & THE GRENADINES. Lesser Antilles. West Indies 1927 map: TITLE/CONTENT OF MAP: 'The Grenadines; Inset maps of St. Vincent; Grenada' DATE PRINTED: 1927 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 14.0 x 16.5cm, 5.5 x 6.5 inches (Small); Please note that this is a folding map. TYPE:

3 days LeftST VINCENT, GRENADA & THE GRENADINES. Lesser Antilles. West Indies 1927 map

$50

West Indies & Panama Canal. BARTHOLOMEW 1949 old vintage map plan chart: CAPTION PRINTED BELOW PICTURE: 'Central America West Indies Inset Map of Panama Canal' DATE PRINTED: 1949 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 18.5 x 23.0cm, 7.25 x 9 inches (Medium); Please note that this is a folding

3 days LeftWest Indies & Panama Canal. BARTHOLOMEW 1949 old vintage map plan chart

$15

CARIBBEAN/CENTRAL AMERICA. Inset Panama Canal Zone. BARTHOLOMEW 1952 old map: CAPTION PRINTED BELOW PICTURE: 'Central America and West Indies; Inset map of Panama Canal' In the bottom left hand corner of the map is a chart of the Panama Canal and surrounding zone, which was the

3 days LeftCARIBBEAN/CENTRAL AMERICA. Inset Panama Canal Zone. BARTHOLOMEW 1952 old map

$20

MEXICO CENTRAL AMERICA WEST INDIES. Panama & Proposed Nicaragua canals 1912 map: TITLE/CONTENT OF MAP: 'Mexico, Central America & West Indies; Inset maps of Leeward & Windward Islands; Mexico; Matina Bay; Jamaica; Havana; Panama Canal;' DATE PRINTED: 1912 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 33.0 x

3 days LeftMEXICO CENTRAL AMERICA WEST INDIES. Panama & Proposed Nicaragua canals 1912 map

$35

CENTRAL AMERICA. Gulf of Mexico Caribbean. Panama Canal. BARTHOLOMEW 1924 map: CAPTION PRINTED BELOW PICTURE: 'Mexico, Central America & West Indies; Inset map of Panama Canal' The inset in the bottom left hand corner shows the Panama canal zone, then US territory DATE PRINTED:

3 days LeftCENTRAL AMERICA. Gulf of Mexico Caribbean. Panama Canal. BARTHOLOMEW 1924 map

$20

YLAND OF BARBADOS. Plantations. After Ligon 1657. West Indies 1931 old map: TITLE/CONTENT OF MAP: 'Richard Ligon's map of Barbados published in 1657' DATE PRINTED: 1931 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 15.0 x 19.0cm, 5.75 x 7.5 inches (Medium); Please note that this is a folding map. TYPE:

3 days LeftYLAND OF BARBADOS. Plantations. After Ligon 1657. West Indies 1931 old map

$30

TRINIDAD. Vintage map. West Indies. Caribbean 1935 old vintage plan chart: TITLE/CONTENT OF MAP: 'Trinidad; Inset map of Tobago' DATE PRINTED: 1935 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 14.5 x 18.5cm, 5.75 x 7.25 inches (Medium); Please note that this is a folding map. TYPE: Vintage colour map

3 days LeftTRINIDAD. Vintage map. West Indies. Caribbean 1935 old vintage plan chart

$30

YLAND OF BARBADOS. Plantations. After Ligon 1657. West Indies 1927 old map: TITLE/CONTENT OF MAP: 'Richard Ligon's map of Barbados published in 1657' DATE PRINTED: 1927 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 13.5 x 19.0cm, 5.25 x 7.5 inches (Medium); Please note that this is a folding map. TYPE:

3 days LeftYLAND OF BARBADOS. Plantations. After Ligon 1657. West Indies 1927 old map

$40

BARBADOS. Vintage map. West Indies Caribbean 1923 old antique plan chart: CAPTION PRINTED BELOW PICTURE: 'Barbados' DATE PRINTED: 1923 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 17.0 x 14.0cm, 6.75 x 5.5 inches (Medium); Please note that this is a folding map. TYPE: Vintage colour map CONDITION: G

3 days LeftBARBADOS. Vintage map. West Indies Caribbean 1923 old antique plan chart

$50

JAMAICA. Vintage map. West Indies. Caribbean 1923 old antique plan chart: CAPTION PRINTED BELOW PICTURE: 'Jamaica' DATE PRINTED: 1923 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 11.5 x 17.5cm, 4.5 x 7 inches (Small); Please note that this is a folding map. TYPE: Vintage colour map CONDITION: Good;

3 days LeftJAMAICA. Vintage map. West Indies. Caribbean 1923 old antique plan chart

$20

JAMAICA. Vintage map. West Indies. Caribbean 1927 old vintage plan chart: TITLE/CONTENT OF MAP: 'Jamaica' DATE PRINTED: 1927 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 11.5 x 17.5cm, 4.5 x 7 inches (Small); Please note that this is a folding map. TYPE: Vintage colour map CONDITION: Good; suitable

3 days LeftJAMAICA. Vintage map. West Indies. Caribbean 1927 old vintage plan chart

$20

ST VINCENT & GRENADA. Vintage maps. West Indies Caribbean 1935 old vintage: TITLE/CONTENT OF MAP: 'St. Vincent & Grenada' DATE PRINTED: 1935 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 15.0 x 9.0cm, 5.75 x 3.5 inches (Small) TYPE: Vintage colour map CONDITION: Good; suitable for framing. The image sh

3 days LeftST VINCENT & GRENADA. Vintage maps. West Indies Caribbean 1935 old vintage

$20

WEST INDIES. Lesser Antilles; maps of Jamaica; Guyana 1907 old antique: CAPTION PRINTED BELOW PICTURE: 'West Indies: Lesser Antilles; Inset maps of Jamaica; British Guiana' DATE PRINTED: 1907 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 36.0 x 24.0cm, 14 x 9.25 inches (Large) TYPE: Colour antique

3 days LeftWEST INDIES. Lesser Antilles; maps of Jamaica; Guyana 1907 old antique

$20

JAMAICA. Vintage map. West Indies. Caribbean 1910 old antique plan chart: CAPTION PRINTED BELOW PICTURE: 'Jamaica' DATE PRINTED: 1910 IMAGE SIZE: Approx 11.5 x 18.5cm, 4.5 x 7.25 inches (Small); Please note that this is a folding map. TYPE: Vintage colour map CONDITION: Goo

3 days LeftJAMAICA. Vintage map. West Indies. Caribbean 1910 old antique plan chart

$25

More Items in Maps & Atlases

Gen. Sherman's "March to the Sea" Map: SHERMAN'S "MARCH TO THE SEA" MAP. Military Map Showing the Marches of the United States Forces under Command of Maj. Genl. W.T. Sherman U.S.A. During the Years 1863, 1864 1865. St. Louis, Missouri, 18

May 14, 2024Gen. Sherman's "March to the Sea" Map

$350

1755 Map Partie de l'Amerique Septentrionale, qui comprend Le Cours de L'Ohio...: Didier Robert de Vaugondy. Partie de l'Amérique Septentrionale, qui comprend Le Cours de L'Ohio, La Nlle. Angleterre, La Nlle. York, Le New Jersey, La Pennsylvanie, Le Maryland La Virginie, La Caroli

May 14, 20241755 Map Partie de l'Amerique Septentrionale, qui comprend Le Cours de L'Ohio...

$200

William H. Williams (1817-1886), New Orleans "Map of the Sixth District and Carrollton," 1871, H.-: William H. Williams (1817-1886), New Orleans "Map of the Sixth District and Carrollton," 1871, printed by J. Manouvrier & D. Simon, New Orleans, 1871, lithograph on paper, with keys delineating struct

5 days LeftWilliam H. Williams (1817-1886), New Orleans "Map of the Sixth District and Carrollton," 1871, H.-

$650

Schedel, Hartmann "Secunda Etas Mundi": Double page wood engraved map from the Latin version of the Nuremburg Chronicle, 1493

3 days LeftSchedel, Hartmann "Secunda Etas Mundi"

$3,400

Map of Paris: Map of Paris, France. Dated 1648.  Frame: L 21-1/2" W 30-1/2" Sight: L 20-1/4" W 29-1/4" Condition: Good with some minor imperfections. Slight spotting on the map is visible.

3 days LeftMap of Paris

$100

[Maps] Martin Zeiler, Itinerarium Italiae, 1640: [Maps] Martin Zeiler, Itinerarium Italiae, 1640, Martini Zeilleri. Itinerarium Italiae Nov-Antiquae: oder, Raiss-Beschreibung durch Italien, Matthaus Merian, Frankfurt, 40 plates, most double-page, in

May 17, 2024[Maps] Martin Zeiler, Itinerarium Italiae, 1640

$250

Eleven Army Corps of Engineers Port Series No. 1 Through No. 8 Books with Fold Out Maps: A group of Port Series books by the War Department US Army Corps of Engineers and Maritime Commission spanning 1928 to 1938, missing No. 4 in the series. Includes No. 1 Port of Portland Maine, No. 2 P

4 days LeftEleven Army Corps of Engineers Port Series No. 1 Through No. 8 Books with Fold Out Maps

$35

Jacques Nicolas Bellin Map Of Western Part Of New France Or Canada: Partie Occidentale de la Nouvelle France, by Mr. Jacques Nicolas Bellin, Marine Engineer, summarizes the knowledge of the region as the French knew it prior to the British invasion

3 days LeftJacques Nicolas Bellin Map Of Western Part Of New France Or Canada

$220

[Maps] Gio. Ant. Magnini, Italia, 1620: [Maps] Gio. Ant. Magnini, Italia, 1620, Giovanni Antonio Magnini. Italia, data in luce da Fabio suo figliuolo al Serenissimo Ferdinado Gonzaga Duca di Matoua edi Monserrato etc. Bologna, for Sebastian

May 17, 2024[Maps] Gio. Ant. Magnini, Italia, 1620

$1,200

Map Of The Universe Lithograph 35in: Framed litho reading the map do the universe depicting a mandala style circular with the various zodiac signs represented along with the varying cycles with the galaxies and months. Framed in a gold t

2 days LeftMap Of The Universe Lithograph 35in

$25

1794 Laurie & Whittle after Thomas Jefferys Map Of The United States Of America: WITH THE BRITISH POSSESSIONS OF CANADA, NOVA SCOTIA, NEW BRUNSWICK, AND NEWFOUNDLAND divided with the French, also The Spanish Territories Of Louisiana and Florida according to the Premliminary Articl

3 days Left1794 Laurie & Whittle after Thomas Jefferys Map Of The United States Of America

$360

Lot of 3 small maps from Scott's Gazeteer "Vermont, New Hampshire and N.W. Territories": Scott's Gazetteer, published in 1795 by Joseph Scott, is considered the first gazetteer of the United States. It's a comprehensive reference book offering detailed descriptions of the various states i

3 days LeftLot of 3 small maps from Scott's Gazeteer "Vermont, New Hampshire and N.W. Territories"

$100

Abraham Ortelius Map Middle East "Turcici Imperii Descriptio": showing the Turkish Empire, Saudi Arabia, south east Europe and Egypt, hand colored

3 days LeftAbraham Ortelius Map Middle East "Turcici Imperii Descriptio"

$240

Buckminster Fuller - Architect, Inventor, Futurist - Autographed Spaceship Earth Sky-Ocean Map Model

$75

Lot of Two Braun & Hogenberg Maps: Veneti and Constantinople. The latter is laid down. Each has hand coloring. Each approx. 16" x 21"

May 21, 2024Lot of Two Braun & Hogenberg Maps

$440

Monterey and San San Benito Counties Map by Henry Freese: Henry Freese copyrighted lower left, complied and published by Thomas Bros. circa 1930's 59 1/2 x 56 in. (151.1 x 142.2 cm.), Frame: 56 x 52 in. (142.2 x 132.1 cm.)

3 days LeftMonterey and San San Benito Counties Map by Henry Freese

$50

Recommended Transportation & Travel Collectibles

Thomas W Lawsons Polychromed Leather Nautical Panels from Dreamwold: From Thomas Lawsons historic Dreamwold Estate in Scituate come these magnificent leather panels with Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria. The artwork is fantastic and colorful. The vessels are shown under full s

5 days LeftThomas W Lawsons Polychromed Leather Nautical Panels from Dreamwold

$7,500

Large Cast Stone Garden Statue: Kenneth Lynch of Wilton Connecticut garden statue of woman pouring water. From the "Rose house" Estate in Westwood Massachusetts. Nice piece of garden statuary. 59"h X 21"W x 17"D

5 days LeftLarge Cast Stone Garden Statue

$500

May 14, 2024Gen. Sherman's "March to the Sea" Map

$350

Tiffany Silver Puzzle Game from Lawson Yacht Dreamer: Tiffany silver puzzle from the elegant steam yacht Dreamer owned by Thomas W. Lawson, the Copper King. The tray holds a bear seated on a capstan holding a rope. A cloisonne flag with Lawsons house fla

5 days LeftTiffany Silver Puzzle Game from Lawson Yacht Dreamer

$2,500

Head of The Charles Solid Brass Signal Cannon: Antique early twentieth century solid brass yachtsmans signal cannon. Barrel is engraved "Sold by Charles C Hutchinson, 152 State Street, Boston." Hutchinson operated from 1893 to 1932 as a ship chand

5 days LeftHead of The Charles Solid Brass Signal Cannon

$1,500

May 14, 20241755 Map Partie de l'Amerique Septentrionale, qui comprend Le Cours de L'Ohio...

$200

Ship model of the C3 Freighter Sea Star: The Sea Star is a typical C3 freighter scratch built by Ed Anton and shows careful detail and rigging. The case measures 30" long x 6" wide x 11" high and is in perfect condition. A simple and accurat

5 days LeftShip model of the C3 Freighter Sea Star

$150

South Boston Yacht Club Race Sheet 1910: 1910 Sailing Regatta sheet from South Boston Yacht Club May 30, 1910. Yachts racing that day included Amaret, Wianno, Hustler, Busy Bee, Iris, Duster, Aurora, TG. Ths race sheet is from May 30, 1910,

5 days LeftSouth Boston Yacht Club Race Sheet 1910

$100

Lot of Seven Richard Wagner Ocean Liner Models: A homemade case with a sliding glass front containing nine Richard Wagner (RIWAG) wood travel models. Wagner models are the German equivalent of Van Ryper models and are highly collectible. These have

5 days LeftLot of Seven Richard Wagner Ocean Liner Models

$200

Andrew Newell Wyeth (American, 1917-2009) Two Masters, 1986: Andrew Newell Wyeth (American, 1917-2009) Two Masters, 1986 watercolor on paper signed Andrew Wyeth (upper right) 29 x 36 inches. This lot is located in Chicago. The Andrew & Betsy Wyeth Study Center

May 16, 2024Andrew Newell Wyeth (American, 1917-2009) Two Masters, 1986

$50,000

Travel Agency model of the Liberte' (former Europa) by Art Models Studio.: Travel Agency model of the Liberte' (former Europa) by Art Models Studio. in case 60" long x 16" high x 10" wide, ship is 53" (appx. 1:200) and in very nice condition. extraordinary detail for an illu

5 days LeftTravel Agency model of the Liberte' (former Europa) by Art Models Studio.

$1,800

Model of the Cunard Lines Steamship Queen Elizabeth: Cunard Lines "Queen Elizabeth" Travel Agency Model 54" long x 9" wide. This iconic piece has been refreshed and the base still has the original "Go Cunard" decals. The loveliest of the classic Cunards

5 days LeftModel of the Cunard Lines Steamship Queen Elizabeth

$1,400

Whaling Journal of Barque Cherokee 1846: Whaling journal of whalship Captain Jacob L Cleveland on board the Whaling Barque Cherokee from August 6, 1846 to February 8, 1849. This is quite a logbook packed with information, whalt stamps, poems

5 days LeftWhaling Journal of Barque Cherokee 1846

$2,600

Bull Head Spigot from Coffee Urn salvaged from the wreck of schooner Thomas W Lawson: Here is a four inch long brass spigot for one of the two urns onboard the Thomas W Lawson recovered from the wreck. Lawson was most especially fond of his prize bulls and used the ?bulls head? through

5 days LeftBull Head Spigot from Coffee Urn salvaged from the wreck of schooner Thomas W Lawson

$150

Sinclair 100th Year Anniversary Milk Glass Gas Pump Globe: No chips or cracks in lenses or globe body. Officially licensed by the Sinclair Oil Corp. 16 x 16

8 hrs LeftSinclair 100th Year Anniversary Milk Glass Gas Pump Globe

$325

Oil on Board of an American Clipper Ship: American Clipper Ship painting on board by Unknown artist. The ship is seen under full sail. Ship owners flag is flying from the main mast and American flag from the stern. Fitted to a damage frame. 3

5 days LeftOil on Board of an American Clipper Ship

$325

Mercator/Hondius: Composite West Indies Map

Item Details

Description

Map: Cuba Insula/Hispaniola Insula

Cartograper: Mercator / Hondius

Place / Date: Amsterdam / 1628/1630

Size: 20" x 14 1/4"

Condition: "wash color. overall age toninglight browning mostly along edges of wide margins. light dampstain on left margintwo small splits along fold in upper and lower margins"

A French edition of the famous composite map of five West Indian islands from the Mercator/ Hondius Atlas, first published in 1606. The two main maps of Cuba and Hispaniola, each with a title cartouche and mileage scale, are flanked by four smaller maps of Jamaica, Puerto Rico (I. S. Ioannis), and Margarita Island off the coast of Venezuela. The Cuba map includes an inset plan of Havana.

Please note that this lot has a confidential reserve. When you leave a bid in advance of the auction, submit your maximum. The bidder who has submitted the highest bid wins the lot, provided the bid exceeds the reserve price.

Shipping:

Domestic: Flat-rate of $17.00 to anywhere within the contiguous U.S.

International: Flat-rate of $45.00 to anywhere in the world

Location: This item ships from New York

Your purchase is protected:
Photos, descriptions, and estimates were prepared with the utmost care by a fully certified expert and appraiser. All items in this sale are guaranteed authentic.

In the rare event that the item did not conform to the lot description in the sale, Jasper52 specialists are here to help. Buyers may return the item for a full refund provided you notify Jasper52 within 5 days of receiving the item.