Oil on canvas, portrait of an old man. Signed and attr. Josef Hilpert (Canadian/Yugoslavia, 1895-1975). 11.5 x 9 in (29.2 x 22.9 cm), signs of slight wear, frame has small chips. Josef Hilpert was born in Kolut, Yugoslavia on May 16, 1893. Hilpert traveled widely and lived in California for many years. He died in Canada in April 1975. PROVENANCE: Private collection, Montreal, QC

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By [Artist Name] : In our opinion, the work is by the artist.

Attributed to [Artist Name] : In our opinion, the work may be ascribed to the artist on the basis of style, but there may be some question as to actual authorship.

In the manner of [Artist Name] : In our opinion, the work was executed by an unknown hand, but was designed deliberately to emulate the style of the artist.

After [Artist Name] : In our opinion, the work was executed by an unknown hand, but is a deliberate copy of a known work by the artist.

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American, 19th century : In our opinion, this work was executed by an unknown hand, and can only be identified by origin (i.e., region, period).

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Apocryphal : Of doubtful authenticity.