American Revolution
"1760" Dated Owner Engraved French & Indian War

and "1780" Later Dated for the American Revolutionary War Powder Horn with "FORT ROYAL" & "LIBERTY" Hand-Engraved Owner's Name and Scrimshaw Designs
"Arthur Good / His Horn / 1780" Engraved Seven Years' War (French & Indian War) through the American Revolutionary War Era, (Twice) Dated 1760 & 1780, with Owner's Name Engraved Decorated Powder Horn, measuring 11" long, Actual Used, Very Fine.
This authentic Revolutionary War Era Hand-Carved Powder Horn measures about 11" long. Engraved on the Horn is: "Arthur Good / His Horn / 1780" with the "N" inverted. Also, "1760 - Fort Royal" and an American Heraldic Eagle with a banner with the word "LIBERTY" in it's beak is well engraved. It appears to have been engraved at different times, thus the "1760" portion has more actual wear. There are two Sailing Ships and other various designs present. The earliest dated portion is more heavily worn from use, dated "1760" located above the the engraved "FORT ROYAL" (Martinique) itself located directly above an engraved image of the Fort itself, with two large buildings within its formidable fortress walls. The small end tip plug is lacking and it has 1.5" fine cut near the large end perhaps from a sharp blades blow. This wonderful authentic Revolutionary War period Powder Horn was actually used and has the overall long-term attained surface wear that confirms its authenticity. An important and extremely rare apparent dual War-dated use Powder Horn. One would consider the likelihood of British subject Arthur Good having served in the military then locating in the American colonies, winding up participating as a patriot in the Revolutionary War. Twice-Dated 1760 and 1780 indicates its use by "ARTHUR GOOD" in the Seven Years' War (French & Indian War) through to the American Revolutionary War. The Seven Years' War between Britain and France involved a West Indies Campaign: 1st involving invasions of Martinique & Guadeloupe. A remarkable, historic addition to any Colonial Era military and related display.







The British expedition against Martinique and Guadeloupe was a military action from January to May 1759, as part of the Seven Years' War. A large British force had arrived in the West Indies, intending to seize French possessions. A British invasion of Martinique took place in January 1759 when a large amphibious force under Peregrine Hopson landed on the French-held island of Martinique and unsuccessfully tried to capture it during the Seven Years' War. Cannon fire from the British fleet was ineffective against the fortress at Fort-Royal due to its location high on the cliffs, and there were no suitable landing places nearby. Subsequently, after a six-month-long battle to capture Guadeloupe they finally received the formal surrender of the island, just days before a large French relief force arrived under Admiral Maximin de Bompart. For 1759, William Pitt directed attention to the West Indies, specifically Martinique and Guadeloupe.



See: Plan of the town and citadel of Fort Royal, the capital of Martinico (Martinique) with the Bay of Cul de Sac Royal. Map Created / Published in London: Published by Thos. Jefferys near Charing Cross, 1760. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by soundings. LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 2051 Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image. Plan of the town ... of Fort Royal with Inset: Port du Carenage. LC copy annotated in black ink on verso: Cro. 66. Plan of the town ... of Fort Royal. Library of Congress Geography and Map Division, Washington, D.C., Digital Id: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gmd/g5084f.ar205100
Invasion of Martinique: Part of the Seven Years' War 1759 to 1760

16"19 January 1759 - Location Martinique, West Indies - Result French victory



Belligerents: Great Britain & France - Military Strength:



British: 4,500-5000 Regulars, 10 Ships of the Line.

France: 250 Regulars, 10,000 Militia, 1 Ship of the Line, and 1 Frigate.



Seven Years' War: West Indies Campaign: Cap-Franais 1st Martinique & Guadeloupe, Windward Passage Dominica 2nd Martinique Havana.



A British invasion of Martinique took place in January 1759 when a large amphibious force under Peregrine Hopson landed on the French-held island of Martinique and unsuccessfully tried to capture it during the Seven Years' War. Cannon fire from the British fleet was ineffective against the fortress at Fort-Royal due to its location high on the cliffs, and there were no suitable landing places nearby.



Unknown to the British commanders, French governor Francis de Beauharnais had not been resupplied for some months, and even a brief siege would have led to the fort's capitulation. However, Moore and Hopson decided instead to investigate the possibility of attacking Martinique's main commercial port, Saint-Pierre.



After a desultory naval bombardment on 19 January that again had little effect on the port's defences, they withdrew, and decided instead to attack Guadeloupe, home to a significant body of French privateers. The expedition was successful at Guadeloupe, which surrendered to them in May 1759. In 1762 a British force captured Martinique.



On 13 January, the British set sail for Martinique and arrived two days later. During the afternoon on 15 January, the fleet rounded Diamond Rock and entered Fort-Royal Bay, where it encountered two French warships anchored off Point Negro. These ships, the 74-gun Florissant and the frigate, Bellone immediately set sail and ran across the bay where, at 18:00, they hove to beneath the guns of the citadel. During the night, Bellone managed to sneak out with dispatches. She never reached France however, being captured en route by Admiral Charles Holmes' squadron on its way to Quebec.



At 08:00 on 16 January 1759, the two 44-gun ships, HMS Roebuck and HMS Woolwich with the 50-gun HMS Winchester, opened fire on the batteries in Cas des Navieres Bay, where it was intended to land the troops. At the same time, the 50-gun HMS Bristol and the 60-gun HMS Rippon attacked Fort Negro, three miles away. The battery at Cas des Navieres was silenced when the magazine exploded, but the ships continued to direct their fire at the shore to prevent the enemy forming up and opposing a landing. In anticipation of an invasion, French troops had been stationed at many of the island's small bays and constructed earthworks to hinder any landing.



At 14:00, the British assembled three divisions of troops in boats, behind the stern of HMS Cambridge. At 16:00 the ships began a covering fire while the landing parties rowed towards the beach. Most of the troops were landed before nightfall and without encountering much opposition, made the highground above the fort on Point Negro. The British ships, which had been moved closer to the shore, came under heavy fire and were forced to withdraw. It was not until the following morning that the artillery and remaining troops were landed, the French meanwhile, had spent the night fortifying their positions.



By 07:00 though, the British had advanced beyond the fort and had begun clearing the woods of enemy troops. Three hours later, they had established a battery on the high ground above the fort and by the afternoon, British soldiers had assembled on the hill overlooking the town. Hopson however did not think it feasible to hold these position without further support from the navy. At 14:00 he sent a request to Moore, asking that either heavy cannon be landed on the shore near the town, or that the ships direct their fire upon the citadel while he simultaneously launched an attack.



Moore could not comply with either request because contrary winds and currents prevented the ships getting within range of the town, and the boats landing the cannon would be exposed to an unacceptable level of fire. Moore offered to land the guns at Fort Negro and have his seamen drag them the three miles over rough terrain but following a council of war, it was decided to abandon the attack on Fort Royal and concentrate instead on the island's capital, Saint-Pierre.



The British Fleet left Fort Royal Bay on the evening of 18 January and arrived off Saint-Pierre at 06:00 the next day. At 07:00 HMS Panther took soundings of the bay and at 08:00 the bomb ketches were ordered in to attack the town. At the same time Rippon put a battery 1 1/2 miles to the north out of action, taking heavy fire in the process. The lee-shore wind which had made entrance to the bay so easy, hampered Rippon's withdrawal and boats had to be sent in to tow her out.



A further council of war was then held where the cost of capturing and holding the island was discussed. It was calculated that the resources required would be better employed in the taking Guadeloupe which was a haven for privateers preying on British merchant shipping. The troops were therefore subsequently evacuated and the squadron set sail for Guadeloupe on the morning 20 January. The attack began on 23 January but it was May 1759 before the entire island was under British control.



Major-General Peregrine Hopson, who had been Governor at Nova Scotia before the outbreak of war, was appointed to the chief command. The primary target of the attack was Martinique. Hopson landed his troops near Fort Royal and fought a battle against the French, leaving 100 British dead or wounded. The terrain ahead was judged so difficult, that it was decided to re-embark the troops immediately. A second landing was considered at Saint-Pierre, but the defenses were so formidable that Hopson decided to abandon the attack on Martinique and to proceed to Guadeloupe.



The island was conquered, but the climate had not and it took its revenge. By the close of the 7 months that remained of the year 1759 nearly 800 officers and men of the garrison had found their graves in Guadeloupe. The island was given back to France after the Treaty of Paris (1763), in return for France dropping its claim to Canada.