Ancient Neat East, northwestern Iran, Luristan, ca. 1000 to 600 BCE. A hollow, cast-bronze standard of a tubular form depicting a "master of animals," here rendered as two stylized, standing lionesses. This piece is supported by a small bronze-wrapped wooden pole projecting from the center of a bell-shaped lower body which was perhaps used for attachment or placement in an altar. Many of these standards were removed from Luristan in the 1800s and early 1900s without proper archaeological excavation; only two have been scientifically excavated. As a result, their true function is unknown. Suggestions for their interpretation have ranged from religious - depictions of deities, idols, talismans, etc. - to the utilitarian - parts of chariots or used in funerary rituals. This lovely example is enveloped in lustrous layers of green and russet patina. Size: 2.1" W x 9.9" H (5.3 cm x 25.1 cm).

Provenance: private Southern California, USA collection, acquired in the 1970s to mid-1980s

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#140678

Small loss to tip of central pole. Minor nicks to feline finial, bronze-wrapped wooden pole, and body, with slight bending to overall form, and light fading to some finer details. Light earthen deposits and great green and russet patina throughout.