Art Deco, mottled cranberry and black, signed Daum Nancy France, 31/2", excellent.....Glassware marked Daum Nancy is credited to Auguste and Antonin Daum. These brothers took over a glass factory owned by their father Jean Daum located in Nancy, France during the 1870s. The Daum factory produced watch crystals and utilitarian glassware until the 1890s. The brothers began experimenting with art glass beginning in the 1890s and continued into the early 20th century. They introduced their cameo glasswares at the Chicago World’s Fair in 1893.Much of the glass made by the Daum factory was cameo in style. That is, multiple layers of glass carved to achieve a design in low relief. Some examples combine a variety of techniques, however, such as enameling or intaglio carving in the design rather than adhering strictly to cameo décor. Occasionally, a Daum piece will be found set in silver or gilt base to form a vase or dish.The Daum brothers are said to have been greatly influenced by their neighbor Emile Gallé, according to European Art Glass by Ray and Lee Grover. Some of their work, in fact, may be confused with Gallé’s glass at first glance, since he indeed mastered the cameo technique. Daum’s glass became even more popular and innovative after 1904 when Gallé passed away, as reported in a CollectorsWeekly.com online article.After a slow period of art glass production during World War I, the factory turned from Art Nouveau to Art Deco designs keeping pace with more popular styles of the day. Daum also shifted from handcrafted wares to more mass produced pieces. Pâte-de-verre, a process where crushed glass is placed in a mold and heated until fused then finished using cameo glass techniques, was also widely used, according to Collector’s Weekly.When World War II ended, Daum changed its focus again. Clear lead crystal was blown or hot-worked by artisans into beautiful figures, bowls, and other wares. They were influenced by the Daum Christalerie de Nancy work of the 1920s.