Watercolor and ink on paper roll, featuring pine and moon, signed and attr. Li Xiongcai (Chinese, 1910-2001), inscribed with 1 artist seal, 67 x 34 cm, Li Xiongcai was a Chinese painter known for his bird-and-flower works and landscapes. Many of best works were executed on a large scale, and characterized by bold marks made with a dry brush. Today, the artist’s works are held in the collections of the Art Gallery of New South Wales in Sydney and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.

All authorship of items in this catalog are described according to the following terms:

By [Artist Name] : In our opinion, the work is by the artist.

Attributed to [Artist Name] : In our opinion, the work may be ascribed to the artist on the basis of style, but there may be some question as to actual authorship.

In the manner of [Artist Name] : In our opinion, the work was executed by an unknown hand, but was designed deliberately to emulate the style of the artist.

After [Artist Name] : In our opinion, the work was executed by an unknown hand, but is a deliberate copy of a known work by the artist.

Circle of [Artist Name] : In our opinion, a work of the period of the artist showing his influence, closely associated with the artist but not necessarily his pupil.

Follower of [Artist Name]: In our opinion, a work by a pupil or a follower of the artist (not necessarily a pupil).

American, 19th century : In our opinion, this work was executed by an unknown hand, and can only be identified by origin (i.e., region, period).

Bears signature : In our opinion, the signature on the artwork may be spurious.
Apocryphal : Of doubtful authenticity.