One of the more interesting and elusive school maps of the United States at a time of great territorial expansion. This 1844 double-page Olney school geography map shows the Republic of Texas in one of its largest configurations, extending north to nearly the modern Wyoming border. Austin is identified as the capital with many other towns named. To the west of Texas is a small region named “Santa Fe or New Mexico.” Oregon Territory clearly illustrates the ongoing dispute over its northern boundary. The U. S. and Great Britain established joint claim over the Oregon Territory in 1818--the area of Spanish controlled Upper California north to the southern boundary of Russia's Alaska Territory at north latitude 54°40'. The agreement was falling apart by the 1830s. The 1844 presidential candidate, James Polk, claimed the entire region for the United States. His party’s expansionist desires were expressed by Polk's famous campaign slogan, "Fifty-four Forty or Fight!" The slogan became a rally cry for Americans desiring to settle the territory. Following Polk's election, the dispute was resolved by the 1846 Treaty of Oregon, which struck a compromise that fixed the U.S./Canadian boundary at 49º North. The territory also reaches to the Continental Divide and well north into British America as part of the 54°50' or Fight controversy with England. East of Oregon is the large Mandan District that extends to an oversized Iowa Territory at the Missouri River, which in turn extends to Wisconsin at the Mississippi River. A huge Indian Territory the size of Texas extends north up to the Mandan District. The large area of the American Desert is shown mostly in Indian Territory but extends into the panhandle of Texas. Wisconsin Territory encompasses much of modern-day Minnesota, which has yet to appear. Mexico controls California and the Southwest, which is labeled Mexico, while the Baja is Old California. A large table of distances obscures much of northern California probably because it was foreign soil at the time. The map has terrific territorial configurations and is filled with information on forts, Indian tribes, waterways and more. Drawn by Sherman and Smith. Overall soiling for this scarce map. Some repairs to centerfold area, but a sound map. Holes caused by the binding process have been closed. 10.5 x 17.5

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