Title: TUSKEGEE AIRMAN. RAMITELLI, ITALY; BY TONI FRISSELLArtist/Source: Toni Frissell (1907-1988)Medium: PUBLISHED CONTEMPORARY PHOTO-LITHOGRAPH, WITH RESTORATION; AFTER FRISSELL'S ORIGINAL FILM NEGATIVE.Date/Period: 1945 (Original print date)Dimension [INCHES]: 10 X 8"Origin: ITALYAnnotations: NONECondition: EXCELLENTDescription: This lot is a Dye Based Photolithograph, and is a restoration print, produced 'after' the original photograph. Rather than being a one-of-a-kind work, it is an open edition, non-commercial sheet-fed mechanical print, analagous to the process used for sheet-fed photogravures. The paper is 215 GSM, 12 MIL matte, light fast and acid free. It is enclosed in a polypropolene, archival presentation pocket and reinforced before shipping.
ABOUT TONI FRISSELL: Toni Frissell was born a Manhattan socialite who worked and photographed for Vogue, Conde Nast and Harper's bazaar in her early days. Her brother was filmmaker Varick Frissell, who was killed in Newfoundland during the filming of The Viking in 1931. She was one of the first photographers to move outside of the studio for fashion photography, setting a trend in the field. In World War II she volunteered for the American Red Cross and worked for the Womens Army Corps and Air Force. On their behalf, she took thousands of images of nurses, front-line soldiers, WACs, African-American airmen, and orphaned children. She set another first for using photographs to illustrate childrens's books, such as for Robert Louis Stevenson. Later in life this innovation was responsible for being selected by Edward Steichen for the world touring exhibition 'The Family of Man' that was seen by 9 million people at the NY's Museum of Modern Art. Frissell was married to Francis M. Bacon III. She passed from Alzheimer's Disease in a Long Island nursing home.
ABOUT THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN: Before the Tuskegee Airmen, no African-American had been a U.S. military pilot. In 1917, African-American men had tried to become aerial observers but were rejected. African-American Eugene Bullard served in the French air service during World War I because he was not allowed to serve in an American unit. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt inspected the first program for such pilots, bombadiers and navigators in 1941, creating a subsequent uproar, that led to her using her position as a trustee in a fund to finance building a field strip. Originally known as the 99th Pursuit Squadron, their Tuskegee Army Air Field became the only Army installation performing all 3 phases of pilot training.
Susequently, strict racial segregation had to give way to allow U.S. Army flight surgeons to be Black as well. The history and strife of the airmen is extensive and laborius, filled with the same perception of inferiority as any African-American civilian would endure-despite their heroic service across Austria, Hungary, Poland, Germany, Normandy and elsewhere. Nevertheless, among the many war accomplishments achieved by the unit (eventually known as the 332nd Fighter Group) were 1578 combat missions, 179 bomber escort missions, 112 enemy aircraft destroyed in the air, another 150 on the ground, 950 rail cars, trucks and other motor vehicles destroyed. Awards and decorations included 3 Distinguished Unit Citations, 96 Distinguished Fying Crosses, 744 Air Medals, 8 Purple Hearts, a Silver Star and 14 Bronze Stars.
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Reserve: $30.00
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